Now, that you know what an operating system is and what are its functions so today we will learn about different types of operating systems or list of operating system.
The list of operating system are as follow:
Batch Operating System
In this, the jobs of the similar type having same requirement are grouped and assigned to batch by an operator and then the operator sort the jobs with similar needs.
example: Payroll system of employees, Bank Statement software.
Advantages of Batch Operating System
- In batch OS the idle time for a batch is very less.
- In batch OS multiple users can share batch systems.
- With batch OS it is easy to manage large work repeatedly in batch system.
- A common problem in batch OS is problem of Starvation. Let say there are 4 jobs 1,2,3,4 and job 1 has a large execution time then job 3,4,5 will never be executed or they will get executed after a long time.
- If a job in a batch expects user input then batch processing is not suitable for that because user is not present at the time of execution.
Time-Sharing Operating System
The concept of this OS is pretty straightforward.
In this, each task is assigned some time for which it can execute in CPU. The time assigned to each task is called a quantum.
When a task's time for execution gets over then OS switches with it with the next task.
These systems are also known as Multitasking systems.
Example: Unix, Multics
Advantages of Time-sharing OS
- Time-sharing OS reduces idle period/time for CPU.
- It also provides a quick response.
- Using it with batch OS improves the performance of our system.
- It needs strict care for the security and integrity of user programs.
- It utilizes many resources because in an OS many tasks have to go hand in hand thus witching between them becomes sophisticated sometimes.
Distributed Operating System
This OS uses multiple processors and jobs are assigned to these processors. The processors can communicate with each other through communication lines also called loosely coupled systems.
Examples: LOCUS
Advantages of Distributed Operating System
- Even if one processor fails to works, other processors are still working.
- Load is reduced on the host computer.
- The data exchange rate between processors is very high.
- If the host computer fails then it will stop the entire communication.
- These type of system are very expensive.
Network Operating System
This type of OS is present on the server which provides the capability to manage data, users, groups, security etc.
This OS allows us to share files across multiple computers in a network.
Example : Microsoft Windows OS Server 2008, Novell NetWare, BSD etc
Advantages of Network Operating System
- Centralized servers are stable.
- Security is managed well in these systems
- New technologies are easy to implement.
- Servers can also be remotely accessed.
- If the server crashes, then the whole network crashes.
- The servers are very expensive.
- Require staff and proper care of these servers
Real Time Operating System
This OS is particularly used for real time applications where data is to be processed in some small time interval.
RTOS are based on clock interrupts.
In this OS a lower priority process is preempted over a high priority job.
Example: Medical imaging system, Industrial control system, Scientific experimental system, air traffic control system etc
Advantages of RTOS
- RTOS makes complete use of resources.
- RTOS is an error-free system.
- RTOS can also be used in embedded systems because the size of the program is small.
- RTOS cannot run tasks concurrently and it focuses more on applications that have some errors thus some processes have to wait indefinitely.
- It is very expensive.
- Since very little task switching is done thus thread priority is not useful in RTOS.
- The algorithm is very complex and difficult to understand.
So, these were the list of operating system.